理論研究 2025年 第卷 第18期

DOI: 10.7672 / sgjs2025180030

標準型盤扣式支撐架整體力學性能分析及設計方案優化

張新，張放，呂家翰

作者簡介：

張新，副教授，碩士生導師，E-mail: 15969698504@163. com

作者單位：

山東建筑大學土木工程學院，山東濟南 250101

基金項目：

?山東省重點研發計劃（重大科技創新工程）（2021CXGC011204）

摘要：

承插型盤扣式支撐架現已廣泛應用于建筑施工模板體系中，目前針對盤扣式支撐架節點剛度、架體構造研究較多，而對不同搭設條件下支撐架整體力學性能研究尚顯不足。針對標準型盤扣架立桿間距、懸臂端高度（ a值）、支模高度和主、次龍骨材料等不同影響因素，分別建立 40 組無主、次龍骨純架體搭設方案和有主、次龍骨支撐架模板搭設方案。基于有限元軟件 ANSYS,對比分析不同影響因素對盤扣式支撐架整體力學性能的影響。分析結果表明：懸臂端高度對單根立桿極限承載力的影響最大，規范中懸臂端最高和最低限制立桿承載力相差約 2 倍；立桿間距對次龍骨跨中撓度影響最大，抗彎強度高的龍骨可充分發揮盤扣式支撐架體力學性能。根據理論計算結果給出混凝土樓板支模建議參考表并進行了實踐驗證。

English：

The socket plate-type support has been widely adopted in the formwork system of constructionprojects. While extensive research has been conducted on the joint stiffness and structural configuration ofsocket plate-type support, there remains a lack of studies focusing on the overall mechanical performanceof the plate-type support under varying erection conditions. This paper addresses this gap by investigatingkey factors such as the spacing of the vertical standards, cantilever height （a value）， formwork height,and materials used for primary and secondary keels. A total of 40 group schemes are established,including configurations with purely support structures without primary and secondary keels, as well asthose incorporating beam-supported formwork. Using finite element software ANSYS, the study conductsa comparative analysis of the influence of these factors on the overall mechanical performance of the plate-type support. The analysis results show that the cantilever height has the most significant impact on theultimate load-bearing capacity of a single vertical standard,with the load-bearing capacityvarying by afactor of two times between the maximum and minimum limits specified in the standards. Additionally,the spacing of the vertical standards has the greatest effect on the mid-span deflection of the secondarykeels,with higher bending strength keels allowing the plate-type support system to fully utilize itsmechanical performance. Based on theoretical calculations, this paper provides a reference table forsupport formwork in concrete slab construction,which is validated through practical application.