應(yīng)用研究 2025年 第卷 第18期
DOI: 10. 7672 / sgjs2025180037
定日 6.8 級(jí)地震公共建筑震害調(diào)查與分析
來朝輝1’2,李明雋1’2,白暘1’2,段盟1’2
作者簡介：
來朝輝，碩士，高級(jí)工程師，E-mail: 13861986@ qq. com作者單位：
1.陜西省建筑科學(xué)研究院有限公司，陜西西安 710082;2.陜西省建筑工程質(zhì)量檢測中心有限公司，陜西西安 710082基金項(xiàng)目：
?陜西省“兩鏈”融合重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（2022LL-B-12）；陜西省省級(jí)國有資本經(jīng)營預(yù)算科技創(chuàng)新專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目（ZXZJ-2024-015）摘要：
西藏日喀則市定日縣地處喜馬拉雅地震帶，地震活動(dòng)頻繁，公共建筑的抗震性能對(duì)保障人員安全及災(zāi)后功能恢復(fù)至關(guān)重要。 2025 年定日 6.8 級(jí)地震發(fā)生后，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)震區(qū) 52 棟公共建筑（34 棟砌體結(jié)構(gòu)、18 棟框架結(jié)構(gòu)）展開震害調(diào)查，結(jié)合現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)與分析，揭示了高海拔地區(qū)公共建筑的震害特征。結(jié)果表明：按現(xiàn)行規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)的建筑主體結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)良好，未發(fā)生倒塌，多數(shù)為輕微損傷，驗(yàn)證了“小震不壞、中震可修、大震不倒”的設(shè)防目標(biāo)。砌體結(jié)構(gòu)破壞集中于墻體開裂和女兒墻倒塌；框架結(jié)構(gòu)則以非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件破壞為主，包括填充墻裂縫、樓梯間損傷及吊頂和抹灰層破壞。研究特別指出，高原環(huán)境對(duì)材料性能與施工質(zhì)量的影響顯著，砌體磚尺寸偏差、砂漿不飽滿、構(gòu)造措施不足等問題顯著影響了結(jié)構(gòu)抗震能力。基于震害調(diào)查結(jié)果，建議高原地區(qū)需完善相關(guān)地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加強(qiáng)非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件抗震核查，推廣減隔震技術(shù)，并針對(duì)既有建筑開展定期隱患排查，以實(shí)現(xiàn)高原地區(qū)公共建筑安全性和功能韌性的提升。
English：
Dingri County in Shigatse City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is located in the Himalayan seismiczone with frequent earthquake activity. The seismic performance of public buildings is crucial for ensuringpersonnel safety and post-disaster functional recovery. Following the 2025 Dingri MS 6.8 earthquake, aresearch team conducted a earthquake damage investigation on 52 public buildings （ 34 masonrystructures and 18 frame structures） in the earthquake-affected area. By integrating field data andanalysis, the study revealed the earthquake damage characteristics of public buildings in high-altituderegions. The results show that the buildings designed according to current codes perform well,with nocollapses and most sustaining minor damage,validating the seismic fortification objective of “no collapseunder minor earthquakes, repairable damage under moderate earthquakes, and life safety under majorearthquakes.” Masonry structures primarily exhibited wall cracking and parapet collapse,while framestructures suffered mainly non-structural component damage, including infill wall cracks, stairwelldamage, and ceiling or plaster layer failures. The study highlights that the high-altitude environmentsignificantly impacts material properties and construction quality,with the issues such as brick sizedeviations, insufficient mortar filling, and inadequate structural detailing markedly reducing seismiccapacity. Based on the findings, the recommendations include refining local standards for high-altituderegions, enhancing seismic checks for non-structural components, promoting seismic isolation and energy dissipation technologies, and conducting regular safety inspections of existing buildings to improve thesafety and functional resilience of public buildings in plateau areas.